Exercise: shifting fluid and sleep apnoea away.

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a prevalent sleep disorder [1, 2] with a wide array of potential adverse health consequences if left untreated, including cognitive impairment, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and early mortality [3–6]. The most common type of SDB, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), is strongly tied to excess weight [7] and afflicts up to 10% of adults [2]. Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is the most established treatment for OSA and central sleep apnoea (CSA), the other common type of SDB. PAP therapy is highly efficacious at reducing apnoeas and hypopneas during sleep, and its consistent use has been shown to reduce health risk to near non-SDB levels [8, 9]. However, its efficacy is dependent upon regular use, and long-term adherence to PAP is often unacceptably low [10].